Saturday, June 13, 2015

相對與絕對

明白政治的人均 會認同政治只有相對而沒有絕對。相對的意思是政治永遠有不同甚至對立的觀點,但卻沒有完全對或錯的觀念。對或錯可能是後人從歷史角度作出的判斷,但政治不 是一門評論以至褒貶的學問;政治的主要目的是追求效果和實踐,而非鬥垮對手,鬥垮對手只是達至最終目的之過程。

有人說政治與道德高地是分不 開的。某程度來說這是對的。回顧中國數千年歷史,平民要造反、國家要開戰,前提必然是要「出師有名」;意思是要找一個道德高地支持自己的行為。曹操便是一 個好例子。他挾天子以令諸侯,掌權近三十年,一人之下,萬人之上,卻從來沒有嘗試或考慮篡位自立。這是因為曹操的政治目的是掌權而非當皇帝, 「扶助」天子正是他的道德高地。這與他的兒子分別頗大。曹丕放棄道德高地,篡漢立魏,魏朝卻很快便滅亡了。

所以我們不能,亦不應過於批評某些政客長期頑守道德高地而不為政治困局尋出路。如果要批評的話,只可以說他們混淆了目的和手段罷了。當然,也許他們的目的只是享受道德高地的光芒罷了。如果這是事實,我們只可說這些人只求滿足一己私慾,不以整體社會福祉為目標,不值支持。

但 假若攻佔道德高地是為了達至某一政治目的,那便要看這政治目的為何和堅守道德高地的代價是什麼。在今天的香港而言,還沒有爭取到民主便站在道德高地激發社 會嚴重撕裂,動搖一國兩制的基礎,是手段與目的不相對稱的明顯結果。把政治看成絕對而非相對,是難有出路的。這也是曹操能名留後世,與曹丕只為歷史上的一 個小註腳之分別。

4 comments:

Anonymous said...

assuming hk and china talk politics on a level playing field is futile. at the end of day, china trumps hk, so china needs not give hk what you democrats want and beijing's unrelenting stance is proof. beijing conceded not one bit so far and i am afraid your middle-way approach is only wishful thinking.

Anonymous said...

Keep it up Ronny. It's a difficult journey and it takes lots of courage and determination to carry on. Going extreme seems working as it attracts lots of attention, but like the story of "the Sun and the Wind", blowing hard won't change the status quo.
As the soap opera is approaching to the end, it's time to stop, think and plan for the next move again. But frankly, with the current pan-democratic legislators, I cannot see any real move in the near future.

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